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Archive for August, 2008

All Inclusive Jamaica Vacations Are The Ideal Way To Visit The Caribbean Aug 29

Jamaica is one of the most luxuriant island you could ever wish to visit, and it is certainly the most popular tourist destination in West Indies. This island is filled with exquisite food, white sand beaches and deep rich historical past. All inclusive Jamaica vacations offer you the perfect opportunity to explore the vast array of tourist attractions that are available to you in Jamaica.

The island of Jamaica is situated just south of Cuba and west of the Dominican Republic. All the major cities here are situated along the seashore, these include Ocho Rios, Montego Bay and Kingston. When you are on your all inclusive Jamaica vacations, If you wish then you will be able to travel to all or just one of these fantastic resorts. These resorts all have different beaches to a certain degree. This gives you the opportunity to have the most pleasurable all inclusive vacation in the Caribbean.

Seven Mile Beach is certainly one of the finest and most popular beaches in Jamaica, this beach is located near Negril. It is a picturesque beach, that has golden sand over an area of 11 km and is located on the west coast. It is an ideal place for families to visit

Boston Bay Beach is another beautiful beach in Jamaica, located near the Port Antonio. It is renowned for its clean waters, white sands and of course its many jerk pork stands. Tourists often come to this beach to surf and surf boards are readily available for hire here as well.

You should take time on your all inclusive Jamaica vacations to explore some of the interior of Jamaica. The Black River is situated on the South Coast of Jamaica. If you take the time to visit this area, you will be reminded of the Tarzan films, this is because the place is full with lush green trees and forests.

Another popular thing for tourist to do is go on an excursion with South Coast Safaris. Not only will you see crocodiles on this excursion, as there is a large and varied amount of other wildlife there as well for you to see. This excursion is extremely popular with birdwatchers, because of the abundance of birds and bird life in these forests

The Blue Mountains is one of the largest and greenest parks in the Caribbean. To reach the peak of the mountains you have to trek five to six hours through deep foliage. While trekking you can listen to wonderful bird songs and chirping of the birds. Certainly this is only for people who are reasonably fit and not feint hearted.

All inclusive Jamaica vacations offer the opportunity of enjoying a rafting experience. You can go rafting on the Rio Grande, which is located near Port Antonio. Rafting on the Rio Grande is certainly a unique experience and you can use the bamboo poles supplied to push the rafts along. Martha Brea’s village is another place where you will also be able to enjoy rafting during your Jamaica vacations.

This village offers a superb rafting experience. Here you have to sit on a high platform, which is made from cane wood and from the platform you can observe the long spread out river surroundings. The view of the river scenery is attractive and charming.

Enjoy an all inclusive Jamaica vacations by exploring various attractions and relishing the glory this place.

Travel China Entry Requirements Aug 28

ENTRY/EXIT REQUIREMENTS: A valid passport and visa are required to enter China and must be obtained from Chinese Embassies and Consulates before traveling to China. Americans arriving without valid passports and the appropriate Chinese visa are not permitted to enter and will be subject to a fine and immediate deportation at the traveler’s expense. Travelers should not rely on Chinese host organizations claiming to be able to arrange a visa upon arrival. Chinese authorities have recently tightened their visa issuance policy, in some cases requiring personal interviews of American citizens. Although a bilateral United States-China agreement provides for issuance of multiple entry visas with validity of up to one year for tourists and business visitors, Chinese consulates often limit visas to only one-entry. Visit the Embassy of China web site at http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/ for the most current visa information.

Visas are required to transit China. Persons transiting China on the way to and from Mongolia or North Korea or who plan to re-enter from the Hong Kong or Macau Special Administrative Regions should be sure to obtain visas allowing multiple entries. Permits are required to visit Tibet as well as many remote areas not normally open to foreigners. Every foreigner going to Tibet needs to get a travel permit which can be done through local travel agents. Permits cost approximately RMB 100, are single-entry and valid for at most three months. Most areas in Tibet are not open for foreigners except Lhasa City and part of Shan Nan. Foreigners can be fined up to RMB 500, taken into custody, and removed for visiting restricted areas. For information about entry requirements and restricted areas, travelers may consult the Visa Office of the Embassy of China (PRC) at Room 110, 2201 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007, or telephone (202) 338-6688 and (202) 588-9760. For a list of services and frequently asked visa questions and answers, travelers can view the Chinese Embassy’s web sites at: http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/. There are Chinese consulates general in Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco. Americans traveling in Asia have been able to obtain visas to enter China from the Chinese visa office in Hong Kong and the Embassy of China in Seoul, South Korea.

In July 2007, the Chinese government tightened its regulations for altering or renewing visas for foreigners already in China. Visitors can no longer change tourist (L) and exchange (F) -type visas to other types and many applications must now be completed in person. There have also been reports that entry and exit violations are being more strictly enforced, with recent reports of police, school administrators and hotel staff checking to ensure that foreigners have not overstayed their visas.

Americans who overstay or otherwise violate the terms of their Chinese visas will be subject to a maximum fine of 5,000 RMB and departure delays and may be subject to detention. Travelers should note that international flights departing China are routinely overbooked, making reconfirmation of departure reservations and early airport check-in essential. An airport user fee for both international and domestic flights are now included in the cost of the ticket price.

In an effort to prevent international child abduction, many governments have initiated new procedures at entry / exit points. These often include requiring documentary evidence of relationship and permission for the child’s travel from the parent(s) or legal guardian if they are not present. Having such documentation on hand, even if not required, may facilitate entry/departure.

Dual national Americans, particularly those with dual Chinese and American nationality, should realize that entering China using their non-U.S. passport could mean that the Chinese Government may not afford them the consular protections to which they are entitled. While the U.S. Government will offer consular services to all U.S. citizens regardless of dual nationality, use of other than a U.S. passport to enter China can make it difficult for U.S. Consuls to assist dual national Americans who have been arrested or who have other concerns with the Chinese Government.

China does not recognize dual citizenship. U.S. Embassy and Consulate officials are often denied access to arrested or detained Americans who do not enter China using their U.S. passport. Lawful Permanent Residents of the United States who do not carry unexpired or otherwise clear evidence that they may re-enter the United States will encounter delays departing from China. Lawful Permanent Residents should renew and update U.S. residence documentation prior to their departure from the United States.

All Inclusive Hotels In Jamaica For The Ideal Family Vacation Aug 28

All inclusive hotels in Jamaica for a family vacation are always a popular choice for families during there Jamaica tours. You will find that there are many all inclusive resort chains in Jamaica and all of are able to provide various fun filled activities, also they provide adventure sports as well, these sports families always seek on there vacations.

The two major hotel chains in Jamaica are Super Clubs and Sandals. Both these hotel chains are specifically designed for families. You can make your Jamaica tours more enjoyable with the various facilities of these all inclusive hotels.

Beaches Boscobel, a part of Sandals Resorts, is one of the most popular all inclusive hotels in Jamaica. The hotel location is on the north coast of Jamaica and is just two hours traveling time from Montego Bay airport. The resort is quite large and is spread over 22 acres and there are fine guest rooms and suites in this resort. The resort is also located near to the beach.

Though the resort is built just up from the beach, you do not need to take the stairs on your return to the hotel, as there is a lift that takes you from the beach to the rooms. You may use the stairs only if you feel you need the exercise.

Beaches Boscobel has rooms, suites, and the luxury family suites, all of which have half walls instead of complete partitions. The terrace suite of the resort is a vast room, which has sofa beds and king sized beds. This suite has beautiful decor and is very spacious, it also comes with a wide veranda outside it. All the rooms and suites come with well stocked refrigerators.

The Beaches Boscobel has a pool side restaurant, that is named The Bayside Restaurant. This restaurant has a airy location and it caters three types of meals, as well as light snacks. Lots of fruit and cheese are also served with these meals. The restaurant also provides a special kids zone. Tourists can watch the various night time entertainment and quizzes from the pool of the resort.

There are two more pools in the resort including wading pool and kiddy pool. The wading pool is ideal for small children and the kiddy pool is more for toddlers with its two water slides. The Boscobel also houses tennis courts, fitness centers, outdoor pool tables and many other sports facilities.

Rose Hall Resort & Country Club is one of the most renown all inclusive hotels in Jamaica family vacations. The resort is well spread over a vast 400 acres and this most charming of all inclusive resorts, provides something special for people of all age groups. At this resort can enjoy a vast array of activities including snorkeling, parasailing, windsurfing and kayaking and best of all these sports can all be enjoyed with your family.

Tourists often spend sunny afternoons sunbathing . Some of the other sports that can be enjoyed during your stay in this resort are scuba diving, swimming, beach volleyball, boat tours, fishing and jet skiing, to name a few.

Holiday Inn Cancun Arenas is one of the finest all inclusive hotels for your Jamaica family vacation. It is a beachfront hotel, with a rich Mediterranean Style and is ideal for families and couples. The hotel always has a warm atmosphere and its location is encircled by beautiful gardens.

This hotel offers all inclusive facilities and the rooms of the hotel are very well appointed with modern amenities including bathtubs, tea/coffee makers, exercise gym and in room movies. All this can make your stay one you will never forget.

So as you can see all inclusive Jamaican family vacations are ideal for you and your family and they offer a wide range of facilities, that will make your stay a once in a life time experience.

All Inclusive luxury Jamaica Vacations-Are Not As expensive As You Think Aug 27

Jamaica is one of the finest tourist destinations in the world and is certainly the finest one in the Caribbean. Jamaican beaches will absolutely amaze you, they are full of fun and they are second to none any where else in the world. All inclusive luxury Jamaica vacations are ideal, if what you are looking for, is to relax on a beach or one full of excitement then this destination is just right for you.

Negril beach is one of the most popular of all inclusive luxury Jamaica vacations. The beach here is world renown for its white chalky sand and its vast expanse, which spreads out over an are of seven miles. Tourists come to relax here during there vacation. Also there are many water sports available to you here as well.

Montego Bay is the second largest city of Jamaica. This city is famous for its shopping, also its the commercial center of Jamaica. If you would like to see some of the culture of this city, then go to the Gloucester Road and observe the lively activities there. As well, you will also be able to experience some of Jamaica’s rich historical past in this city.

Tourists always enjoy shopping here, because of the numerous tax free stores. The crafts market is also very popular with tourists, it is a sight you must not miss.

Ocho Rios is another picturesque place sited, which is sited on the north cost of Jamaica. There is a large amount of artifacts and locally hand made gifts available to you here. Ocho Rios is surrounded by lush vegetation and river falls in the mountains. The Dune’s River Falls once visited are never forgotten and will take your breath away. So never miss an opportunity of visiting the falls during all inclusive luxury Jamaica vacations.

The beach here if famous for the Fern Gully, this is spread over a five mile area. There are over 500 species of ferns and some extremely rare flowers for you to see here, this is a once in a life time experience, as these cannot be found outside this tropical forest. Also there are craft markets and duty free shops to visit as well.

All inclusive luxury Jamaica vacations offer the perfect opportunity for you to explore this truly amazing island and all the fun filled activities it has to offer. No wonder this destination is one of the most popular and visited in the world.

Treat Yourself to a Hawaii Vacation in Paradise Aug 26

Aloha Paradise

Visit the Hawaiian Islands on vacation and you will get a great welcome. The islands of Hawaii are probably one of the best places in the world to go on vacation. If you have not yet visited Hawaii then you should make sure you go there for your next vacation.

And for anyone who lives in the USA or Canada then why have you not been there already, as you can now get direct flights from most large cities. Hawaii has great warm and sunny weather and the beaches are great too. In the winter months it is just so easy to escape the sun and ice for a few days.

Hawaii just has so much to offer and is fully geared up to provide everyone who visits the greatest vacation of their lives. Hawaii has the Aloha culture to thank for a totally different attitude to enjoyment and having fun in the sun and of course the warm blue Pacific Ocean which surrounds all the islands.

Hawaii Activities are the Best

Wherever you live in the world you will probably find that a Hawaii Vacation is on everyone’s wish list. They are all keen to experience these Pacific islands and enjoy a vacation in paradise.

The main islands you can visit are Maui, Oahu, Kauai, Molokai and the Big Island of Hawaii. Wherever you go you will find beautiful sandy beaches, awesome accommodation, warm sunshine, the amazing Pacific Ocean and also some great activities and interesting places to visit.

One of the most popular activities during winter from November to April is to go on whale watching trips. If you visit Hawaii during this time you must get on one of the many boats that offer this activity. You are guaranteed to see whales and you will get quite close so take a camera.

The Ultimate Ocean Experience

When on board you also stand a good chance of seeing bottle nose or spinner dolphins. Some boat operators also provide trips for shark encounters. If you are lucky enough to book on board a yacht when you go whale watching you could also go sailing for that ultimate ocean experience.

If you like or want to learn scuba diving there are many operators on each of the islands to help you out and many great dive sites exist around the islands.

If you can not dive but prefer to snorkel then there are many safe places near the shore where you can do this. You will be amazed by the many different exotic tropical fish that you will see and if you are lucky you will see turtles too. Hawaii provides a great underwater experience and you should not miss it.

Top Visitor Attractions

Hawaii has many places of interest that you will want to visit during your Hawaiian vacation. When in paradise you will find that the Hawaii Islands have lots to offer anyone who goes there on vacation.

Well known locations of historical interest are Pearl Harbor, the USS Arizona Memorial and the USS Missouri. There are many several good museums, ocean aquariums, zoos, tropical locations for hiking, cycle tours visits to dormant and live volcanoes.

And of course there is surfing, windsurfing and kite surfing. These are all great oceans sports and if you visit during the winter you will see the best in the world perfecting their sport on some of the biggest waves you are ever likely to see. Learn these sports during the summer when the waves are smaller or just watch in amazement. If you have a Maui Vacation you will be able to watch windsurfers on the best known wave break in the world at Hookipa Beach.

Hawaii’s Natural Advantage

Hawaii has many natural wonders and when you combine this with the great weather a great time is pretty much guaranteed, so book your Hawaii vacations now. Just get on the web and search for Hawaii vacations, pick the best deal and you will be there before you know it.

Travel China Aug 25

CHINA COUNTRY DESCRIPTION:

China map

China map

The People’s Republic of China was established on October 1, 1949, with Beijing as its capital city. With well over 1.3 billion citizens, China is the world’s most populous country and the third largest country in the world in terms of territory. China is undergoing rapid, profound economic and social change and development. Political power remains centralized in the Chinese Communist Party. Modern tourist facilities are available in major cities, but many facilities in smaller provincial cities and rural areas are frequently below international standards.

Information about China:

Geography
Total area: 9,596,960 sq. km. (about 3.7 million sq. mi.).
Cities: Capital–Beijing. Other major cities–Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Harbin, Chengdu.
Terrain: Plains, deltas, and hills in east; mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west.
Climate: Tropical in south to subarctic in north.

People
Nationality: Noun and adjective–Chinese (singular and plural).
Population (July 2007 est.): 1,321,851,888.
Population growth rate (2007 est.): 0.606%.
Health (2007 est.): Infant mortality rate–22.12/1,000. Life expectancy–72.88 years (overall); 71.13 years for males, 74.82 years for females.
Ethnic groups: Han Chinese–91.9%; Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uygur, Yi, Mongolian, Tibetan, Buyi, Korean, and other–8.1%.
Religions: Officially atheist; Taoism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam.
Language: Mandarin (Putonghua), plus many local dialects.
Education: Years compulsory–9. Literacy–90.9%.
Work force (2006 est., 798 million): Agriculture and forestry–45%; industry–24%; services–31%.

Government
Type: Communist party-led state.
Constitution: December 4, 1982.
Independence: Unification under the Qin (Ch’in) Dynasty 221 BC; Qing (Ch’ing or Manchu) Dynasty replaced by a republic on February 12, 1912; People’s Republic established October 1, 1949.
Branches: Executive–president, vice president, State Council, premier. Legislative–unicameral National People’s Congress. Judicial–Supreme People’s Court.
Administrative divisions: 23 provinces (the P.R.C. considers Taiwan to be its 23rd province); 5 autonomous regions, including Tibet; 4 municipalities directly under the State Council.
Political parties: Chinese Communist Party, 70.8 million members; 8 minor parties under Communist Party supervision.
Suffrage: Universal at 18.

Economy
GDP (2007): $3.249 trillion (exchange rate-based).
Per capita GDP (2007): $2,458 (exchange rate-based).
GDP real growth rate (2007): 11.4%.
Natural resources: Coal, iron ore, crude oil, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower potential (world’s largest).
Agriculture: Products–Among the world’s largest producers of rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley; commercial crops include cotton, other fibers, apples, oilseeds, pork and fish; produces variety of livestock products.
Industry: Types–mining and ore processing; iron; steel; aluminum; coal, machinery; textiles and apparel; armaments; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products including footwear, toys, and electronics; automobiles and other transportation equipment including rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; and telecommunications.
Trade (2007): Exports–$1.221 trillion: electronics; machinery; apparel; optical, photographic, and medical equipment; and furniture. Main partners–United States, Hong Kong, Japan, EU, South Korea, Singapore. Imports–$917.4 billion: electronics, machinery, mineral fuel and oil, chemicals, plastic. Main partners–Japan, EU, Taiwan, South Korea, United States, Malaysia, Australia.

PEOPLE

Ethnic Groups
The largest ethnic group is the Han Chinese, who constitute about 91.9% of the total population. The remaining 8.1% are Zhuang (16 million), Manchu (10 million), Hui (9 million), Miao (8 million), Uygur (7 million), Yi (7 million), Mongolian (5 million), Tibetan (5 million), Buyi (3 million), Korean (2 million), and other ethnic minorities.

Language
There are seven major Chinese dialects and many subdialects. Mandarin (or Putonghua), the predominant dialect, is spoken by over 70% of the population. It is taught in all schools and is the medium of government. About two-thirds of the Han ethnic group are native speakers of Mandarin; the rest, concentrated in southwest and southeast China, speak one of the six other major Chinese dialects. Non-Chinese languages spoken widely by ethnic minorities include Mongolian, Tibetan, Uygur and other Turkic languages (in Xinjiang), and Korean (in the northeast).

The Pinyin System of Romanization
On January 1, 1979, the Chinese Government officially adopted the pinyin system for spelling Chinese names and places in Roman letters. A system of Romanization invented by the Chinese, pinyin has long been widely used in China on street and commercial signs as well as in elementary Chinese textbooks as an aid in learning Chinese characters. Variations of pinyin also are used as the written forms of several minority languages.

Pinyin has now replaced other conventional spellings in China’s English-language publications. The U.S. Government also has adopted the pinyin system for all names and places in China. For example, the capital of China is now spelled “Beijing” rather than “Peking.”

Religion
Religion plays a significant part in the life of many Chinese. Buddhism is most widely practiced, with an estimated 100 million adherents. Traditional Taoism also is practiced. Official figures indicate there are 20 million Muslims, 15 million Protestants, and 5 million Catholics; unofficial estimates are much higher.

While the Chinese constitution affirms religious toleration, the Chinese Government places restrictions on religious practice outside officially recognized organizations. Only two Christian organizations–a Catholic church without official ties to Rome and the “Three-Self-Patriotic” Protestant church–are sanctioned by the Chinese Government. Unauthorized churches have sprung up in many parts of the country and unofficial religious practice is flourishing. In some regions authorities have tried to control activities of these unregistered churches. In other regions, registered and unregistered groups are treated similarly by authorities and congregations worship in both types of churches. Most Chinese Catholic bishops are recognized by the Pope, and official priests have Vatican approval to administer all the sacraments.

Population Policy
With a population officially just over 1.3 billion and an estimated growth rate of about 0.6%, China is very concerned about its population growth and has attempted with mixed results to implement a strict birth limitation policy. China’s 2002 Population and Family Planning Law and policy permit one child per family, with allowance for a second child under certain circumstances, especially in rural areas, and with guidelines looser for ethnic minorities with small populations. Enforcement varies, and relies largely on “social compensation fees” to discourage extra births. Official government policy opposes forced abortion or sterilization, but in some localities there are instances of forced abortion. The government’s goal is to stabilize the population in the first half of the 21st century, and current projections are that the population will peak at around 1.6 billion by 2050.

To finance your Travel to China use this Dream Vacation Financing

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Air Jamaica Vacations The Ideal Way To Relax Aug 24

Jamaica is the finest island and tourist destination in West Indies. The island is filled with mouth watering food, pleasing to the ear music, white sandy beaches The history and culture of this island has an almost hypnotic affect on its visitors. Air Jamaica Vacations offer the perfect opportunity of turning your dreams in to reality by visiting Jamaica. These holiday packages take you to the most popular destination of Caribbean. During air Jamaica vacations, you can visit the most renowned destinations like Negril, Montego Bay and Ocho Rios.

Jamaica has the most picturesque beaches in the world, as the history, nature and culture smash together to make a breathtaking experience, Your Jamaica vacation would start from the very moment you set your feet on this beautiful island. Tourists can enjoy scuba diving and snorkeling as well as the beaches of Jamaica and they can relax and listen to the excellent reggae music and can taste the spicy cuisines that are readily available.

Some of the major attractions of Jamaica are Doctor’s Cave Beach, Seven Mile Beach, Treasure Beach, The Black River, Somerset Falls and Boston Bay Beach. All these places are well worth visiting and are renown for their exclusive attraction to this islands visitors.

Visiting Montego Bay during air Jamaica vacations is an absolute must. It is the second largest city in Jamaica and is world famous for its Caribbean shopping and the historical Rose Hall Great house. This island is always a popular destination with tourists and vacationers. The Dune’s River Falls is another one of the popular attractions where. Tourists can take pleasure in Snorkeling in the waters near Ocho Rios, which has a incredible palm lined white sandy beach.

There are numerous hotels and spicy food stalls on all the beaches of Jamaica, where you can tantalize your taste buds with the local delicacies. Many couples come here on there honeymoon to relax in the presence of this islands immense natural beauty. You also can enjoy various adventure sports like river rafting and water diving here.

The island Jamaica is also famous for some of the finest golf courses in the world. So as you can now see a tourists can enjoy air Jamaica vacations with all these activities.

Air Jamaica vacations offer the perfect opportunity for visiting this islands picturesque beaches. Doctor’s Cave Beach is one of the popular beaches in Jamaica. This white sandy beach is spread out over almost eight km. The sea here is clear with a almost blue crystalline quality. This is one on the major reasons why tourists can enjoy swimming and water sports here. There is a beach bar with changing rooms here, so you can prepare yourself for the beach.

Cornwall Beach is another beautiful beach. The beach is always full and it is covered by crystal white, smooth, sugary sand. The water of the sea is clear and calm therefore, this is the ideal place to visit with your whole family.

Treasure Beach is also one of the most popular beaches, which is sited on the South coast of Jamaica. Though the beach is always full with vacationers, it is not suitable for swimming.

Somerset Falls are the most amazing falls that again are world renown The waters of the Daniel River fall down in a deep chasm through a rich deep forest. Blossoming vines, foaming flows and beautiful waterfalls make this place in to a site of incredible beauty that must not be missed on your vacation.

Egypt: Main Tourist Attractions Aug 24
What follows is merely the briefest outline of the main attractions throughout Egypt.Most visitors arrive at Cairo . A seething megalopolis, its chief sightseeing appeal lies in its bazaars and medieval mosques , though there is scarcely less fascination in its juxtapositions of medieval and modern life, with fortified gates, villas and skyscrapers interwoven by flyovers whose traffic may be halted by herds of camels. The immensity and diversity of this “Mother of Cities” is as staggering as anything you’ll encounter in Egypt, while just outside Cairo are the first of the pyramids that range across the desert to the edge of the Fayoum, among them the unsurpassable trio at Giza and the vast necropolis of Saqqara . Besides all this, there are superb museums devoted to Ancient, Coptic and Islamic Egypt , and enough entertainments to occupy weeks of your time.

However, the principal tourist lure remains, as ever, the Nile Valley , with its ancient monuments and timeless river vistas - felucca sailboat cruises being a great way to combine the two. The town of Luxor is synonymous with the magnificent temples of Karnak and the Theban Necropolis , which includes the Valley of the Kings where Tutankhamun and other pharaohs were buried. Aswan , Egypt’s southernmost city, has the loveliest setting on the Nile and a languorous ambience. From here, you can visit the island Philae temple of Isis and the rock-hewn colossi at Abu Simbel . Other sites not to be missed are Edfu and Kom Ombo (between Luxor and Aswan) and - for those willing to chance their luck on the fringes of potentially risky Middle Egypt - the amazing temples of Abydos and Dendara (north of Luxor).

Only accessible to tourists in the last two decades, the Western Desert Oases are scattered across a vast, awesomely desolate region. Siwa , out towards the Libyan border, has a unique culture and history, limpid pools and bags of charm. Another option is to follow the “Great Desert Circuit” (starting from Cairo or Assyut) through the four “inner” oases. Though Bahariya and Farafra hold the most appeal, with the lovely White Desert between them, the larger oases of Dakhla and Kharga also have their rewards once you escape their modernized “capitals”. And for those equipped to make serious desert expeditions, there’s the challenge of entering the Great Sand Sea or tracing part of the infamous Forty Days Road . By way of contrast to these deep-desert locations are the quasi-oases of the Fayoum and Wadi Natrun , with their diverse ancient ruins and Coptic monasteries .

Moving north to the Mediterranean , Egypt’s second city, Alexandria , boasts a string of beaches to which Cairenes flock in summer, and excellent seafood restaurants. Despite being founded by Alexander the Great and lost to the Romans by Cleopatra, the city today betrays little of its ancient glory; however, the ongoing underwater excavation of Cleopatra’s Palace and (possibly) the legendary Lighthouse of Pharos may once more bring an air of majesty to Alexandria. Famous too for its decadence during colonial times, romantics can still indulge here in a nostalgic exploration of the “Capital of Memory”, while further along the Mediterranean coast lie the World War II battlefield of El-Alamein and the Egyptian holiday resort of Mersa Matrouh .

The Nile Delta , east of Alexandria, musters few archeological monuments given its major role in ancient Egyptian history, and is largely overlooked by tourists. However, for those interested in Egyptian culture, the Delta hosts colourful religious festivals at Tanta , Zagazig and other towns. Further east lies the Canal Zone , dominated by the Suez Canal and its three cities. Port Said and Ismailiya are pleasant, albeit sleepy places, where you can get a feel of “real Egypt” without tripping over other tourists. Suez is grim, but a vital transport nexus between Cairo, Sinai and the Red Sea Coast.

Edged by coral reefs teeming with tropical fish, the Sinai Peninsula offers superb diving and snorkelling , and palmy beaches where women can swim unmolested. Resorts along the Gulf of Aqaba are varied enough to suit everyone, whether you’re into the upmarket hotels of Sharm el-Sheikh , Na’ama Bay or Taba , or cheap, simple living at Dahab and Nuweiba . From there it’s easy to visit St Catherine’s Monastery and Mount Sinai (where Moses received the Ten Commandments) in the mountainous interior. With more time, cash and stamina, you can also embark on jeep safaris or camel treks to remote oases and spectacular wadis.

Egypt’s Red Sea Coast has more reefs further offshore, with snorkelling and diving traditionally centred around Hurghada , while barely-touched reefs further south from Port Safaga to Mersa Allam beckon serious diving enthusiasts. Inland, the mountainous Eastern Desert harbours the Coptic Monasteries of St Paul and St Anthony , Roman quarries and other antiquities, and dramatic rockscapes seen by few apart from the nomadic Bedouin.

Egypt: Top Destinations Aug 24

ALEXANDRIA is one of the top destinations in Egypt. Alexandria turns its back on the rest of Egypt and faces the Mediterranean, as if contemplating its glorious past; a hybrid city characterized by Durrell as the “Capital of Memory”. One of the great cities of antiquity, Alex slumbered for 1300 years until it was revived by Mohammed Ali and transformed by Europeans, who gave the city its present shape and made it synonymous with cosmopolitanism and decadence. This era came to an end in the 1950s with the mass flight of non-Egyptians and a dose of revolutionary puritanism, but Alexandria’s beaches, restaurants and breezy climate still attract hordes of Cairenes during the summer, while its jaded historical and literary mystique remains appealing to foreigners. And when El-Iskandariya (the city’s Arabic name) palls, you can easily enough take a bus to Mersa Matrouh and continue on to Siwa Oasis.

Aswan:

Egypt’s southernmost city (population 150,000) and ancient frontier town has the loveliest setting on the Nile. At ASWAN the deserts close in on the river, confining its sparkling blue between smooth amber sand and rugged extrusions of granite bedrock. Lateen-sailed feluccas glide past the ancient ruins and gargantuan rocks of Elephantine Island, palms and tropical shrubs softening the islands and embankments till intense blue skies fade into soft-focus dusks. The city’s ambience is palpably African; its Nubian inhabitants are lither and darker than the Saiyidis, with different tastes and customs. Although its own monuments are insignificant compared to Luxor’s, Aswan is the base for excursions to the temples of Philae and Kabasha , near the great dams beyond the First Cataract, and the Sun Temple of Ramses II at Abu Simbel , far to the south. It can also serve for day-trips to Darow Camel Market, Kom Ombo, Edfu and Esna - the main temples between here and Luxor. But the classic approach is to travel upriver by felucca, experiencing the Nile’s moods and scenery as travellers have for millennia. However, Aswan itself is so laid-back that one could easily spend a week here simply hanging out, never mind going anywhere. The tourism scene is much the same as in Luxor.

Cairo:

The twin streams of Egypt’s history converge just below the Delta at Cairo , where the greatest city in the Islamic world sprawls across the Nile towards the Pyramids , those supreme monuments of antiquity. Every visitor to Egypt comes here, to reel at the Pyramids’ baleful mass and the seething immensity of Cairo, with its bazaars, mosques and Citadel and extraordinary Antiquities Museum. It’s equally impossible not to find yourself carried away by the streetlife, where medieval trades and customs coexist with a modern, cosmopolitan mix of Arab, African and European influences.Cairo has been the largest city in Africa and the Middle East ever since the Mongols wasted Imperial Baghdad in 1258. Acknowledged as Umm Dunya or ” Mother of the World ” by medieval Arabs, and as Great Cairo by nineteenth-century Europeans, it remains, in Jan Morris’s words, “one of the half-dozen supercapitals - capitals that are bigger than themselves or their countries the focus of a whole culture, an ideology or a historical moment”. As Egypt has been a prize for conquerors from Alexander the Great to Rommel, so Cairo has been a fulcrum of power in the Arab world from the Crusades unto the present day. The ulema of its thousand-year-old Al-Azhar Mosque (for centuries the foremost centre of Islamic intellectual life) remains the ultimate religious authority for millions of Sunni Muslims, from Jakarta to Birmingham. Wherever Arabic is spoken, Cairo’s cultural magnetism is felt. Every strand of Egyptian society knits and unravels in this febrile megalopolis.

Egyptians have two names for the city, one ancient and popular, the other Islamic and official. The foremost is Masr , meaning both the capital and the land of Egypt - an ur-city that endlessly renews itself and dominates the nation, an idea rooted in pharaonic civilization. (For Egyptians abroad, “Masr” refers to their homeland; within its borders it means the capital.) Whereas Masr is timeless, the city’s other name, Al-Qahira (The Conqueror), is linked to an event: the Fatimid conquest that made this the capital of an Islamic empire stretching from the Atlantic to the Hindu Kush. The name is rarely used in everyday speech.

Both archetypes still resonate and in monumental terms are symbolized by two dramatic landmarks : the Pyramids of Giza at the edge of the Western Desert and the great Mosque of Mohammed Ali - the modernizer of Islamic Egypt - which broods atop the Citadel. Between these two monuments sprawls a vast city, the colour of sand and ashes, of diverse worlds and time zones, and gross inequities. All is subsumed into an organism that somehow thrives in the terminal ward: medieval slums and Art Deco suburbs, garbage-pickers and marbled malls, donkey carts and limos, piousness and “the oaths of men exaggerating in the name of God”. Cairo lives by its own contradictions.

This is a city, as Morris put it, “almost overwhelmed by its own fertility”. Its population is today estimated at around eighteen million and is swollen by a further million commuters from the Delta and a thousand new migrants every day. Today, one third of Cairene households lack running water; a quarter of them have no sewers, either. Up to three million people reside in squatted cemeteries - the famous Cities of the Dead . The amount of green space per citizen has been calculated at thirteen square centimetres, not enough to cover a child’s palm. Whereas earlier travellers noted that Cairo’s air smelt “like hot bricks”, visitors now find throat-rasping air pollution , chiefly caused by traffic. Cairo out-pollutes LA every day of the week: breathing the atmosphere downtown is reputedly akin to smoking thirty cigarettes a day.

Cairo’s genius is to humanize these inescapable realities with social rituals . The rarity of public violence owes less to the armed police on every corner than to the dowshah. When conflicts arise crowds gather, restrain both parties, encourage them to rant, sympathize with their grievances and then finally urge: ” Maalesh, maalesh ” (Let it be forgiven). Everyday life is sweetened by flowery gestures and salutations; misfortunes evoke thanks for Allah’s dispensation (after all, things could be worse!). Even the poorest can be respected for piety; in the mosque, millionaire and beggar kneel side by side.

Extended-family values and neighbourly intervention prevail throughout the baladi quarters or urban villages where millions of first- and second-generation rural migrants live, whilst arcane structures underpin life in Islamic Cairo. On a city-wide basis, the colonial distinction between “native quarters” and ifrangi (foreign) districts has given way to a dynamic stasis between rich and poor, westernization and traditionalism, complacency and desperation. The city’s tolerance has recently been further strained by natural and man-made calamities. In October 1992, up to a thousand people died in an earthquake , when shoddily built high-rises and hovels collapsed across the city. Its image took a worse battering abroad after the shooting of seventeen Greek tourists in 1996 and the firebombing of a German tour bus a year later - although the tourists now seem to be making a cautious return. Every year its polarities intensify, safety margins narrow and statistics make gloomier reading. The abyss beckons in prognoses of future trends , yet Cairo confounds doom sayers by dancing on the edge.

Greater Cairo consists of two metropolitan governorates: Cairo , on the east bank of the Nile, and Giza , across the river. The River Nile ( Bahr el-Nil, or simply El-Nil) is the prerequisite of their existence and fundamental to basic orientation. Bear in mind that it flows northwards through the city, so that “downriver” means north, and “upriver” south, a reversal of the usual associations. The city’s waterfront is dominated by the islands of Gezira and Roda and the bridges that connect them to the Corniche (embankment) on either side of the Nile. There are four major divisions of the city:” Central Cairo spreads inland to the east of the islands. Its downtown area - between Ezbekiya Gardens and Midan Tahrir - bears the stamp of Western planning, as does Garden City , the embassy quarter further south. At the northern end of central Cairo (beyond the downtown area) lies Ramses Station , the city’s main train terminal. Most of the banks, airlines, cheap hotels and tourist restaurants lie within this swathe of the city.

” Further east sprawls Islamic Cairo , encompassing Khan el-Khalili bazaar, the Gamaliya quarter within the Northern Walls , and the labyrinthine Darb al-Ahmar district between the Bab Zwayla and the Citadel . Beyond the latter spread the eerie Cities of the Dead - the Northern and Southern Cemeteries.

” The Southern Cemetery and the populous Saiyida Zeinab quarter merge into the rubbish tips and wasteland bordering the ruins of Fustat and the Coptic quarter of Old Cairo , further to the south. From there, a ribbon of development follows the metro out to Ma’adi , Cairo’s plushest residential suburb, and Helwan , the city’s heaviest industrial centre. Except for stylish Heliopolis , the northern suburbs likewise hold little appeal for visitors.

” Across the river on the west bank , the residential neighbourhoods of Aguza and Dokki aren’t as smart as nearby Mohandiseen or the high-rise northern end of Gezira island, known as Zamalek . The Imbaba district, just to the northeast, was once notable for its weekly camel market , but this has now moved slightly further out to Bil’esh. The dusty expanse of Giza (which lends its name to the west bank urban zone) is enlivened by Cairo Zoo and the nightclub-infested Pyramids Road leading to the Pyramids of Giza .

HURGHADA (GHARDAKA)

In the course of two decades, HURGHADA has been transformed from a humble fishing village of a few hundred souls into a booming town of 50,000 people, drawn here from all over Egypt by the lure of making money. This phenomenal growth is almost entirely due to tourism , which accounts for 95 percent of the local economy. Yet it’s worth taking Hurghada’s claims to be a seaside resort with a handful of salt. Unlike Sinai, where soft sand and gorgeous reefs are within easy reach and women can bathe unhassled, Hurghada’s public beaches are distant or uninviting, while the best marine life is far offshore. If you’re not into diving or discos, it’s hard to find much to like about Hurghada - though you have to admire its commercial gusto; many of the townsfolk come from Luxor’s west bank, where tourism has been a way of life for generations.While package tourists laze in their resorts, independent travellers often feel hard done by. Paying for boat trips and private beaches is unavoidable if you’re to enjoy Hurghada’s assets, and although conditions for diving, windsurfing and deep-sea fishing are great, the cost is high, with real bargains limited to accommodation. Nor will you save much by self-catering; everything in the shops is more expensive than in Cairo or the Nile Valley. As tour groups come all year round, there’s no “off” season for holiday villages, whose peak times are the European Christmas and Easter holidays and the Russian vacation period of August and September. Low-budget hotels are most in demand over winter, when templed-out backpackers flood in from the Nile Valley en route to Sinai.

The town itself is a hotchpotch of utilitarian structures, garish hotels and gaudy boutiques, but Egyptians love its wide boulevards and sea breezes, the spaciousness and “Benetton ambience “. Nowhere else in Egypt are shorts de rigueur and holiday romances so easy. Russians have added fresh spice to its already cosmopolitan mix of Italians, Germans, French, Brits, Aussies and Japanese, whose hedonistic potential is grasped by Saudi princes, for whom Hurghada is only two hours away by private jet. For Westerners, however, the chief lure remains underwater: a score of coral islands and reefs within a few hours’ reach by boat, and many other amazing dive sites that can be visited on liveaboards.

ISMAILIYA ’s schizoid character is defined by the rail line that cuts across the city. South of the tracks lies the European-style garden city built for foreign employees of the Suez Canal Company, extending to the verdant banks of the Sweetwater Canal. Following careful restoration, its leafy boulevards and placid streets of colonial villas look almost as they must have done in the 1930s, with bilingual street signs nourishing the illusion that the British empire has just popped indoors for cocktails.North of the train tracks you move into another world of hastily constructed flats grafted onto long-standing slums , and a quarter financed by the Gulf Emirates that provides a cordon sanitaire for the wealthy suburb of Nemrah Setta (Number Six). This Janus-profile reflects the city’s twentieth-century history , when two disparate sons of Ismailiya had a lasting effect on Egyptian society. Hassan el-Banna created the Muslim Brotherhood that was the bane of the British, and has vexed Egypt’s rulers since independence. Two generations later, Ismailiya became synonymous with Osman Ahmed Osman , a self-made millionaire contractor whom Sadat appointed as Minister of Housing and Reconstruction in 1975. As Gulf investments poured into the Canal Zone, billboard-sized pictures of Osman began to outnumber those of his patron, who finally agreed to opposition demands for an audit. By the time it was discovered that millions had been stashed in Swiss banks, Osman had fled the country. Subsequent investigations into his political connections proved inconclusive and he is now back in business.
The Town and around
Ismailiya’s carefully restored old town is a pleasure to walk or bike around, shaded by pollarded trees. Most of the sights can be reached on foot within ten minutes, although a couple of places outside town warrant renting a bicycle in the backstreets…
Ismailiya’s carefully restored old town is a pleasure to walk or bike around, shaded by pollarded trees. Most of the sights can be reached on foot within ten minutes, although a couple of places outside town warrant renting a bicycle in the backstreets off Mohammed Ali Quay, or catching a service taxi from the turn-off near Mallaha Park.Starting on Mohammed Ali Quay, first on the trail is the large, vaguely Swiss-looking House of Ferdinand de Lesseps , who lived here during the canal’s construction. Disappointingly, you can only visit the interior if you’re some kind of VIP, since the house now serves as a private hotel for guests of the Suez Canal Authority. In De Lesseps’s study, books and photographs are scattered around his desk and bed as if the Frenchman had been reviewing his life’s work, while his carriage stands outdoors, encased in glass. Lone visitors might chance a peek inside if the rear gate is open; otherwise, you could try presenting yourself at the Suez Canal Authority and bluffing the press officer into fixing a visit - though this could well prove a waste of time.

A pleasant fifteen minutes’ walk down the street from the De Lesseps House, the Ismailiya Museum (Sat-Thurs 9.30am-4pm, Fri and during Ramadan 9.30am-2pm; £E6) leans towards ancient history, devoting a section to the waterways of Ramses and Darius. The highlights of its collection of four thousand Greco-Roman and pharaonic artefacts is a lovely mosaic from the fourth century AD, depicting Phaedra, Dionysos, Eros and Hercules. Other sections cover the canal in modern history, the Battle of Ismailiya and the “Crossing” of October 1973.

With permission from the museum, one can also visit some plaques and obelisks from Ramses II’s time, in the Garden of Steles down the road, past the guarded residence of the head of the Canal Authority. It’s nicer to wander amid the 500 acres of exotic shrubs and trees of Mallaha Park , or stroll alongside the shady Sweetwater Canal that was dug to provide fresh water for labourers building the Suez Canal. Previously, supplies had to be brought across the desert by camels, or shipped across Lake Manzala to Port Said.

LUXOR has been a tourist mecca ever since Nile steamers began calling in the nineteenth century to view the remains of Thebes, ancient Egypt’s New Kingdom capital, and its associated sites - the concentration of relics in this area is overwhelming. The town itself boasts Luxor Temple , a graceful ornament to its waterfront and “downtown” quarter, while just to the north is Karnak Temple , a stupendous complex built over 1300 years. Across the river are the amazing tombs and mortuary temples of the Theban Necropolis , and as if this wasn’t enough, Luxor also serves as a base for trips to Esna, Edfu, Dendara and Abydos temples, up and down the Nile Valley.In a town where tourism accounts for 85 percent of the economy, it’s hardly surprising that you can’t move without being importuned to step inside a shop, rent a caleche, or have your shoes shined. Hassled and overcharged at every turn, some tourists react with fury and come to detest Luxor. Keep your cool and sense of humour; it’s possible to find genuine warmth here. Once you get to know a few characters and begin to understand the score, Luxor seems like a funky soap opera with a cast of thousands. Cool feluccca guys and bazaar hustlers, nervous rich tourists and piastre-pinching backpackers - their dealings and misunderstandings are as intriguing as the monuments.

Most foreigners come between October and February (especially Christmas and New Year), when the climate is cooler than you’d imagine, with chilly nights and early mornings. Around the end of March the temperature shoots up 10°C, making April the nicest time of the year to visit, though the weather remains agreeable until late May or early June, after which the daytime heat is oppressive till late October, when the temperature plummets. During the summer tourism is well down, and the locals have time to sleep by day and party at night.

Orientation

Luxor spreads along the east bank of the Nile, its outskirts encroaching on villages and fields. Orientation in central Luxor is simplified by a relatively compact tourist zone defined by three main roads. Sharia al-Mahatta runs 500m from the train station towards Luxor Temple, where it meets Sharia el-Karnak , the main drag heading north to Karnak Temple (2.5km). Karnak is also accessible via the riverside Corniche , though tourists generally stick to the 1.5km stretch between Luxor Museum and the Winter Palace Hotel. The “circuit” is completed by a fourth street, Sharia el-Birka - also known as Sharia al-Souk after its bazaar. In the last decade or so Luxor has expanded south towards the village of Awmia, with dozens of new hotels and other facilities along Sharia Ibn Khalid Walid (running 3km from the Novotel to the Sheraton) and Television Street (named after its TV tower), which now constitute extensions of the tourist zone.
MERSA MATROUH
Although MERSA MATROUH has grown phenomenally and sees itself as a sophisticated resort, it remains a hick town with donkey carts outnumbering cars on the main street, which in summer is clogged with groups of well-to-do Egyptian and Libyan holidaymakers. All the local beaches have been ruined, leaving only the magnificent cove at Agiiba and neighbouring Ubbayad beach, both far from town. Whatever Egyptians might say, by no stretch of the imagination does Matrouh fit the tourist board’s promise of a hedonist’s playground. The only people likely to think so are the Libyans who’ve started coming here since the border was reopened; Egyptians go the other way, seeking work in Libya, while Western visitors are generally more interested in reaching Siwa Oasis.A grid of mould-poured low-rise blocks housing forty thousand people, the town spreads up from the coast towards a ridge festooned with radar dishes. As Matrouh has gone from being a quiet fishing port to the booming capital of the Mediterranean Governorate, immigrants have poured in from other parts of Egypt, inspiring mixed feelings amongst the locals.

Despite appearances, Mersa Matrouh (”Sheltered Anchorage”) has a long history . Founded by Alexander the Great on his way to Siwa, it was here that Mark Antony and Cleopatra sought solace after their defeat at Actium, and that her fleet put out to sea for its final battle against Augustus. During the Islamic era, Matrouh was a busy trading port with a sideline in smuggling; its other main industry (dating back to Roman times) was harvesting sponges. Divers came from as far away as the Cyclades - up to two thousand of them per year in the early part of last century. To pluck the sponges from the seabed 60-90m below, they used a stone to make themselves sink faster, which they jettisoned at the bottom. Sponge-harvesting ceased in the early 1980s.

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Egypt: Best Time To Travel Aug 24

Deciding on the best time for a visit to Egypt involves striking a balance between climatic and tourist factors. Egypt’s traditional season runs from late November to late February , when the Nile Valley is balmy, although Cairo can be overcast and chilly. However, at these times, particularly during the peak months of December and January, the major Nile resorts of Luxor and Aswan get unpleasantly crowded. This winter season is also the busiest period for the Sinai resorts, while Hurghada is active year round.

With this in mind, March or April are good compromise options, offering decent climate and fewer visitors. In May and June the heat is still tolerable but, after that, Egyptians rich enough to do so migrate to Alex and the coastal resorts. From July to September the south and desert are ferociously hot and sightseeing is best limited to early morning or evening - though August still sees droves of backpackers. October into early November is perhaps the best time of all, with easily manageable climate and crowds.

Weather and tourism apart, the Islamic religious calendar and its related festivals can have an effect on your travel. The most important factor is Ramadan , the month of daytime fasting, which can be problematic for eating and transport, though the festive evenings do much to compensate.

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